Breast Biopsy

A breast biopsy is a medical procedure used to remove a small sample of tissue from the breast for examination under a microscope. The goal of the procedure is to determine if there are any abnormal or cancerous cells present in the breast tissue.

Types of Breast Biopsies

• Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB): A thin needle is used to remove a small sample of fluid or tissue from the breast.
• Core needle biopsy (CNB): A larger needle is used to remove a small core of tissue from the breast.
• Surgical biopsy: A surgical incision is made to remove a larger sample of tissue or an entire lump from the breast.
• Vacuum-assisted biopsy (VAB): A special device uses suction to remove a small sample of tissue from the breast.
• Stereotactic biopsy: A special machine uses mammography images to guide the needle to the correct location in the breast.
• Ultrasound-guided biopsy: Ultrasound imaging is used to guide the needle to the correct location in the breast.
• MRI-guided biopsy: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used to guide the needle to the correct location in the breast.

Preparation for a Breast Biopsy

Before the procedure, patients may be asked to:

• Avoid taking aspirin or other blood-thinning medications for a few days
• Wear comfortable clothing and avoid wearing jewelry or metal objects
• Remove any makeup or deodorant from the breast area
• Have a mammogram or ultrasound before the biopsy to help guide the procedure

What to Expect During a Breast Biopsy

During the procedure, patients can expect:

• To lie on an examination table or sit in a chair, depending on the type of biopsy
• To have the breast cleaned and numbed with a local anesthetic
• To feel some pressure or discomfort when the needle is inserted
• To hear a clicking sound during the procedure, which is normal
• To have the procedure take anywhere from 15-60 minutes to complete

After the Breast Biopsy

After the procedure, patients can expect:

• To have a small bandage or dressing applied to the biopsy site
• To experience some bruising, swelling, or discomfort at the biopsy site
• To take over-the-counter pain medication to manage any discomfort
• To avoid strenuous activities or heavy lifting for a few days
• To have the results of the biopsy available within a few days to a week

Risks and Complications of Breast Biopsy

As with any medical procedure, there are some risks and complications associated with breast biopsy, including:

• Bleeding or bruising at the biopsy site
• Infection at the biopsy site
• Scarring or changes in breast tissue
• Allergic reactions to the anesthetic or other medications used during the procedure

Follow-up Care After a Breast Biopsy

After the procedure, patients should follow up with their doctor to:

• Discuss the results of the biopsy
• Receive any additional treatment or recommendations based on the biopsy results
• Have any questions or concerns addressed