Arthroscopic Release of Frozen Shoulder

Arthroscopic release of frozen shoulder is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to treat adhesive capsulitis, also known as frozen shoulder. The goal of the procedure is to restore mobility and reduce pain in the affected shoulder joint.

What is Frozen Shoulder?

Frozen shoulder is a condition characterized by stiffness, pain, and limited range of motion in the shoulder joint. It occurs when the connective tissue surrounding the joint, known as the capsule, becomes inflamed and scarred, leading to adhesions and contraction of the joint.

Indications for Arthroscopic Release

Arthroscopic release is typically recommended for patients who have tried conservative treatments, such as physical therapy and pain management, without significant improvement. The procedure is usually indicated for patients with:

• Severe stiffness and limited range of motion
• Persistent pain that interferes with daily activities
• Failed response to conservative treatments

The Procedure

Arthroscopic release is performed under general anesthesia or regional anesthesia, such as a nerve block. The procedure involves the following steps:

1. A small incision (about 1 cm) is made in the skin to insert an arthroscope, a thin tube with a camera and light on the end.
2. The arthroscope is inserted into the shoulder joint, allowing the surgeon to visualize the joint and surrounding tissues.
3. Specialized instruments are used to release the contracted capsule and remove adhesions, scar tissue, and inflamed synovium.
4. The procedure may also involve releasing the coracohumeral ligament, which can contribute to stiffness in frozen shoulder.

Benefits of Arthroscopic Release

The benefits of arthroscopic release for frozen shoulder include:

• Improved range of motion and mobility
• Reduced pain and discomfort
• Minimally invasive procedure with smaller incisions
• Faster recovery time compared to open surgery
• Less risk of complications, such as infection or nerve damage

Risks and Complications

As with any surgical procedure, there are potential risks and complications associated with arthroscopic release, including:

• Bleeding or hematoma
• Infection
• Nerve damage or numbness
• Temporary stiffness or swelling
• Reaction to anesthesia

Recovery and Rehabilitation

After arthroscopic release, patients typically require a period of rehabilitation to regain strength and mobility in the affected shoulder. The recovery process may involve:

• Pain management with medication or injections
• Physical therapy to improve range of motion and strength
• Gradual progression of exercises and activities
• Follow-up appointments with the surgeon to monitor progress

Outcomes and Prognosis

The outcomes of arthroscopic release for frozen shoulder are generally positive, with most patients experiencing significant improvements in range of motion and pain reduction. However, the prognosis may vary depending on individual factors, such as:

• Severity of the condition
• Duration of symptoms
• Presence of underlying conditions, such as diabetes or rheumatoid arthritis
• Adherence to post-operative rehabilitation protocol